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More than 40% of individuals who begin
alcohol consumption at age 13 or younger will develop alcohol
dependence. (suffer from Alcoholism)
-Source: Grant B.E.,
Dawson, DA, 1997. Age onset of alcohol use and association with DSM IV
alcohol abuse and dependence, Results from the National Longitudinal
StudyYoung people ages
12 to 20 saw two beer or ale ads in 2001 for every three such
commercials aired on programs viewed primarily by adults.
Louisiana has three of the top 92 markets
ranked by the number of alcohol ads on television:
- New Orleans ranked 56th -- 63,811
alcohol ads
- Shreveport ranked 66th -- 63,571
alcohol ads
- Baton Rouge ranked 91st -- 63,074
alcohol ads
A recent report
found that substance abuse and addiction will add at least $41
billion—10 percent—to the costs of elementary and secondary
education this year, due to class disruption and violence, special
education and tutoring, teacher turnover, truancy, children left
behind, student assistance programs, property damage, injury and
counseling.
The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia
University (CASA)
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Under Age Drinking, Binge Drinking, Illegal
Drug Use by Minors.
Our voice is the only hope for accountability.
Below you will find information gathered from many sources, our hope is
this information will be used to educate those in need of real
information to bring about real hope for our children, and communities.
- Alcohol is the leading cause of death for
Louisiana Youth
- Alcohol is involved in roughly 50% of all
homicides, suicides, and fatal traffic crashes
- More undergraduates will die from
alcohol-related causes than will receive advanced degrees
What are the consequences of
underage drinking?
Fatalities:
In 1994, underage drinking killed an estimated 6,350 youth ages 12-20,
more than 6 times the fatalities resulting from other illicit drug use
(980). [Miller & Covington, 1999]
Alcohol-involved traffic fatalities: One-third of all deaths for
people ages 15-20 result from motor vehicle crashes. In 1997, more
than one-third of these motor vehicle fatalities involved alcohol. [NHTSA,
1998]
BAC levels of
alcohol-involved traffic fatalities: More 18- and 19-year olds
died in low BAC (between .01 and .09) alcohol-related crashes than any
other ages. In fact, 17-, 18-, 19-, 20-, and 21-year olds are the top
five ages of people that die in low BAC crashes. [NHTSA, 1998] This
statistic shows that even low levels of alcohol are dangerous for
young people.
Rate of death
for licensed drivers: For every 100,000 licensed drivers, young
drinking drivers are involved in fatal crashes at approximately twice
the rate of drivers aged 21 and older. [NHTSA, 1998]
Economic
costs attributable to underage drinking: Costs of underage
drinking from new costs paper [miller paper, 1999]
Future
alcohol disorder problems: People who begin drinking before age 15
are four times as likely to develop alcohol dependence and more than
twice as likely to develop alcohol abuse than those who delay drinking
until age 21. [Grant & Dawson, 1997]
Academic
problems: A clear relationship exists between alcohol use and
grade-point average among college students: students receiving grades
of D or F drink three times as much as those who earn As. [Presley &
Meilman, 1996]
Risk of
physical violence: A national survey of college students found
that binge drinkers were 3.5 times more likely than their non-bingeing
counterparts to have been a victim of physical violence. [Presley et
al., 1997]
Risk of
sexual victimization: Three-fourths of college students who were
victims of unwanted sexual intercourse said they were drinking or
using other drugs when they were victimized. [Presley, et al., 1997]
Young Minds
- The
available evidence suggests that adolescents are more vulnerable
than adults to the effects of alcohol on learning and memory. (White,
2001)
- Alcohol
affects all parts of the brain, which also affects the heart rate,
coordination, speech, and destruction of brain cells. (Narcotic
Educational Foundation of America, 2002)
- It has become clear over recent
years that alcohol impacts both behavior and brain function
differently in adolescents and adults. (White,
2001)
-
The brain does not finish developing
until a person is around 20 years old, and one of the last regions
to mature is intimately involved with the ability to plan and make
complex judgments. (Swartzwelder,
1998)
- Alcohol may encourage aggression
by disrupting normal brain mechanisms that normally restrain
impulsive behavior such as aggression. (Hingson
et al, October 2001)
- The brain continues to grow
through the age of 20. (Giedd
et al, 1999)
- Heavy
drinking over many years may result in serious mental disorders or
permanent, irreversible damage to the brain or peripheral nervous
system. (Narcotic
Educational Foundation of America, 2002)
-
Recent research indicates that, in
contrast to previous assumptions, the brain continues to undergo a
tremendous amount of development through adolescence and into
young adulthood. (White,
2001)
Underage Drinking
-
Each year, college students spend
approximately $5.5 billion on alcohol- more than they spend on
soft drinks, milk, juice, tea, coffee and books combined. (Drug
Strategies, 1999)
-
Teenagers are not well informed about
alcohol's effects. Nearly one-third of the teens responding to a
1998 American Academy of Pediatrics survey mistakenly believed
that a 12-ounce can of beer contains less alcohol than a standard
shot of distilled sprits. (Drug
Strategies, 1999)
- Beer is the most popular alcoholic
beverage among young people. (Grossman
et al, 1994)
- Binge drinking has been defined as
at least five drinks in a row for men and four drinks in a row for
women. (Weschsler
et al, 2002)
- A College Alcohol Survey of four
colleges indicated that binge-drinking levels are associated with
ease of access to alcohol, price, special promotions, and outlet
density in college communities. (Weschsler
et al, 2002)
- Parents' drinking behavior and
favorable attitudes about drinking have been positively associated
with adolescents' initiating and continuing drinking. (NIAAA,
1997)
- Youth who drink before age 15 are
four times more likely to develop alcohol dependence than those
who begin drinking at age 21. (NIAAA,
1997)
State
Contacts (people who are receiving funding for this effort in
Louisiana) go to their link below for more information.
OJJDP's Enforcement of Underage Drinking Program
Updated on January 7, 2003
LA
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| Mr. Murphy Painter
[email protected]
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Office of
Alcoholic Beverage Control |
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PO Box 66404 |
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Baton Rouge, LA 70896-6404
| What they are responsible for doing: Other Process |
| Enforcement of minimum purchase age
laws |
| Compliance checks |
| Enforcement Aimed at Youth |
| Cops in Shops |
| Penalties applied to the use of false
identification |
| Strategies aimed at reducing social
availability of alcohol |
| School based programs - enforcement at
college sporting events |
| Prevention of Impaired Driving |
| Establishment and enforcement of 'zero
tolerance' laws |
| Other - Purchase audio and visual
equipment to aid enforcement |
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Is there fair information and warning on product's
connected by consumption, to Alcoholism?
Knowing that Alcoholism (Alcohol
Dependence) is a result of both a genetic predisposition (runs in the
family) and environmental factors, it continues to baffle us as to why
the policy makers of this country have not addressed both the labeling
of Alcoholic beverages (Warning that consumption may lead to
dependence), and why the Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages has also not
included warning information and educational information to allow those
who choose to drink, accurate information on the direct relationship
between consumption of alcohol and alcoholism (alcohol dependence).
Read More on responsible Labeling of
America's most Abused Drug, Alcohol.
Review of the Role the Alcohol Industries'
"Business" plays in our health and well being, and community
safety. The Alcohol Industry is in business, and therefore
practices reflect action to improve their shareholders value, not our
communities value, this report is very clear as to the role of the
Alcohol Industry, their Advertising, and Need to identify themselves in
some capacity as "Good corporate citizens" . The problem, is that
they appear to spend more money, and are directed at simply improving
public opinion and identifying that with their brand. Who can
fault them? That is what they are allowed to do.
The excellent job by the lobby has enraged many. Many are asking,
Why is this industry getting a break on taxation?
Bread,
Milk, our income taxes, have increased over the years, but not
alcohol. This is good news for their industry, cheap products,
increase their revenues.The alcohol industry has become a major funder and
designer of prevention and education programs. Anheuser-Busch’s
sponsorship of social norms marketing, a new strategy for preventing
alcohol problems on college campuses, is a recent example (see page 3).
The beer giant’s support has triggered a healthy debate in the higher
education and public health communities. Does it taint the programs?
Given the company’s aggressive marketing to college students, should
universities refuse the funds? Will the funding undermine efforts to
restrict those marketing practices?
Young people who consume hazardous quantities are
the alcohol industry’s most important customers.
Hazardous drinking, defined as 5 drinks or
more day, accounts for more than half the alcohol market and
76 percent of the beer market.
Underage drinkers are a substantial part of
the alcohol market and a key consumer group. There are
varying estimates of the underage drinking market. Eigen and Noble
(1994)12
concluded that underage drinkers account for
approximately 10 percent of the alcohol market, or almost $10
billion annually. The Inspector General for the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services estimated in 1991 that students in 7th
through 12th grades annually consume 1.1 billion cans of beer and
about 35 percent of all wine coolers sold in the United States.13
Most of this consumption
occurs in a hazardous fashion (five or more drinks in a single
session).
The
alcohol production market is concentrated in a small number of large
companies.
A handful of large companies control
the market, and their numbers have steadily shrunk during two
decades of corporate mergers .Beer is by far the most concentrated
market, with only two companies, Anheuser-Busch and Philip Morris
(owner of Miller Brewing Company), accounting for two-thirds of all
beer sales. Together with these two, eight other alcohol companies
that sell beer, wine and distilled spirits, account for
approximately 70 percent of all US alcohol sales (measured in terms
of pure alcohol).8
The alcohol market generates huge sales and profits.
The alcohol industry
pursues an enormous market in the United States:
$115
billion in annual sales generate substantial profits for
producers, distributors andretailers.5
Anheuser-Busch Co., the largest brewer, reported a net income in
2000 in excess of $1.5 billion.6
As with any business, the alcohol industry’s primary focus is on
maximizing profits. As stated in the 1997 Anheuser-Busch
annual report: "Every action taken by ...management is guided by one
overriding objective -enhancing shareholder value."7
Approximately 11
million American youth
under age 21 drink alcohol.
source AMA FACTS Alcohol is a major
factor in unprotected sex among youth, increasing their risk of
contracting HIV or other transmitted diseases.
Read the Full report. Reducing Underage
Drinking Through Coalitions A Matter of Degree
James F. Mosher, JD, author Pamela Glenn,
editor
Underage College Students’ Drinking Behavior,
Access to Alcohol, and the Influence of Deterrence Policies.
Read the Harvard Study
Study shows Louisiana has 3 of top 25 cities
with deaths related Alcohol
- Death: 1,400 college
students between the ages of 18 and 24 die each year from
alcohol-related unintentional injuries, including motor vehicle
crashes (Hingson et al., 2002).
- Drunk Driving: 2.1
million students between the ages of 18 and 24 drove under the
influence of alcohol last year (Hingson et al., 2002).
- Injury: 500,000
students between the ages of 18 and 24 are unintentionally
injured under the influence of alcohol (Hingson et al., 2002).
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AMA Facts on value of Mandatory Legal Drinking Age (MLDA)
- alcohol-related deaths and injuries among youth. When the
MLDA has been lowered, injury and death rates increase, and when
the MLDA is increased, death and injury rates decline (Wagenaar,
1993).
- A higher MLDA results in fewer alcohol-related problems
among youth, and the 21-year-old MLDA saves the lives of well
over 1,000 youth each year (Jones et al, 1992; NHTSA, 1989).
Conversely, when the MLDA is lowered, motor vehicle crashes and
deaths among youth increase. At least 50 studies have evaluated
this correlation (Wagenaar, 1993).
- A common argument among opponents of a higher MLDA is that
because many minors still drink and purchase alcohol, the policy
doesn't work. The evidence shows, however, that although many
youth still consume alcohol, they drink less and experience
fewer alcohol-related injuries and deaths (Wagenaar, 1993).
- Research shows that when the MLDA is 21, people under age 21
drink less overall and continue to do so through their early
twenties (O'Malley & Wagenaar, 1991).
- The effect of the higher MLDA occurs with little or no
enforcement. Historically, enforcement has focused primarily on
penalizing underage drinkers for illegal alcohol possession
and/or consumption. For every 1,000 minors arrested for alcohol
possession, only 130 merchants have actions taken against them,
and only 88 adults who supply alcohol to minors face criminal
penalties (Wagenaar & Wolfson, 1995).
- Researchers conducted an in-depth review of enforcement
actions in 295 counties in Kentucky, Michigan, Montana, and
Oregon. The review showed that in a three-year period, 27
percent of the counties took no action against licensed
establishments that sold alcohol to minors, and 41 percent of
those counties made no arrests of adults who supplied alcohol to
minors. Although the majority of the counties took at least one
action against alcohol establishments and/or adults who provided
alcohol to minors, many did not take such actions frequently (Wagenaar
& Wolfson, 1995).
- Regarding Europeans and alcohol use among youth, research
confirms that Europeans have rates of alcohol-related diseases
(such as cirrhosis of the liver) similar to or higher than those
in the U.S. population (Single, 1984). However, drinking and
driving among youth may not be as great a problem in Europe as
in the U.S. Compared to their American counterparts, European
youth must be older to obtain their drivers' licenses, are less
likely to have a car, and are more inclined to use public
transportation (Wagenaar, 1993).
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AMA/RWJ based Prevention in Louisiana,
working with HopeNetworks, to assist in providing information and
education in the Prevention section we are in the process of
building.
Sharon Ayres
Louisiana Alliance to Prevent Underage Drinking
5700 Florida Boulevard, Ste. 604
Baton Rouge, LA 70806
PO Box 65242
225-216-0910 – Office
225-926-3842 – Fax
Email:
[email protected]
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